Is it a cat, a dog, or something else? Found only in the forested island habitat of Madagascar, fossas may look a little like both, but they are actually more closely related to the mongoose. Although they weigh just 12 to 22 pounds, fossas are Madagascar’s top predator, keeping lemur populations in check. Fossas are remarkably effective hunters in their habitat, yet only an estimated 2,600 to 8,600 of this species still exist.